剑桥雅思阅读句长难句分析

　　1。Thescentshecarriedinhersamplesandonherbodywasamessagetotheotherbeesthatthiswastheonetheywerelookingfor。（剑4，GeneralTrainingTestBsection3）
　　分析：本句的主句为Thescentwasamessagetotheotherbees；shecarriedinhersamplesandonherbody为定语从句，做Thescent的定语，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉；thatthiswastheonetheywerelookingfor为that引导的同位语从句，做amessage的同位语；theywerelookingfor为定语从句，做theone的定语，关系词在定语从句中做for的宾语，因此被省掉。
　　2。Soonhewouldalsodiscoveranumberofotherremarkablefactsabouthowbeescommunicateand，indoingso，revolutionizethestudyofanimalbehaviorgenerally。（剑4，GeneralTrainingTestBsection3）
　　分析：本句的主句为hewouldalsodiscoveranumberofotherremarkablefactsaboutandrevolutionizethestudyofanimalbehaviorgenerally；howbeescommunicate为how引导的宾语从句，做介词about的宾语。
　　3。Therehad，ofcourse，beendictionariesinthepast，thefirstofthesebeingalittlebookofsome120pages，compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray，publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualEnglishwords。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句主句Therehadbeendictionaries；thefirstofthesebeingalittlebookofsome120pages，compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray，publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualEnglishwords为独立主格结构，其中compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray和publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualEnglishwords均为过去分词短语作定语，做alittlebook的定语。
　　4。ItishighlyappropriatethatDrSamuelJohnson，theverymodelofaneighteenthcenturyliteraryman，asfamousinhisowntimeasinours，shouldhavepublishedhisDictionaryattheverybeginningoftheheydayofthemiddleclass。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句的主句为Itishighlyappropriatethat，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，即thatDrSamuelJohnson，theverymodelofaneighteenthcenturyliteraryman，asfamousinhisowntimeasinours，shouldhavepublishedhisDictionaryattheverybeginningoftheheydayofthemiddleclass；在主语从句中theverymodelofaneighteenthcenturyliteraryman为DrSamuelJohnson的同
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　　位语，asfamousinhisowntimeasinours为DrSamuelJohnson的定语。
　　5。Hisapproachtotheproblemsthathadworriedwritersthroughoutthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieswasintenselypractical。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句的主句为Hisapproachtotheproblemswasintenselypractical；thathadworriedwritersthroughoutthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies为定语从句，做theproblems的定语，关系词为that。
　　6。Hewastobepaid1，575ininstallments，andfromthishetookmoneytorent17GoughSquare，inwhichhesetuphis‘dictionaryworkshop。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句为并列句，Hewastobepaid1，575ininstallments和fromthishetookmoneytorent17GoughSquare，inwhichhesetuphis‘dictionaryworkshop。并列，由and连接；inwhichhesetuphis‘dictionaryworkshop。为定语从句，做17GoughSquare的定语，关系词为which。
　　7。JamesBoswell，hisbiographer，describedthegarretwhereJohnsonworkedas‘fitteduplikeacountinghousewithalongdeskrunningdownthemiddleatwhichthecopyingclerkswouldworkstandingup。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句主句为JamesBoswelldescribedthegarretas‘fitteduplikeacountinghousewithalongdesk。；hisbiographer为JamesBoswell的同位语；whereJohnsonworked为定语从句，做thegarret的定语，关系词为where；runningdownthemiddle为现在分词短语做定语，做alongdesk的定语；atwhichthecopyingclerkswouldworkstandingup为定语从句，做longdesk的定语，关系词为which。
　　8。Hewasalsohelpedbysixassistants，twoofwhomdiedwhilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句主句为Hewasalsohelpedbysixassistants；twoofwhomdiedwhilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation为定语从句，做sixassistants的定语，关系词为whom；在定语从句中，whilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation为whilst引导的时间状语从句。
　　9。ThefactthatJohnsonhadtakenontheAcademiesofEuropeandmatchedthem（everyoneknewthatfortyFrenchacademicshadtakenforty
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　　yearstoproducethefirstFrenchnationaldictionary）wascauseformuchEnglishcelebration。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句的主句为ThefactwascauseformuchEnglishcelebration；thatJohnsonhadtakenontheAcademiesofEuropeandmatchedthem为that引导的同位语从句，做Thefact的同位语；括号中部分起到解释说明的作用。
　　10。Afewyearsago，inoneofthemostfascinatinganddisturbingexperimentsinbehaviouralpsychology，StanleyMilgramofYaleUniversitytested40subjectsfromallwalksoflifefortheirwillingnesstoobeyinstructionsgivenbya‘leaderinasituationinwhichthesubjectsnightfeelapersonaldistastefortheactionstheywerecalledupontoperform。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句主句为StanleyMilgramofYaleUniversitytested40subjectsfromallwalksoflifefortheirwillingnesstoobeyinstructionsgivenbya‘leaderinasituation；Afewyearsago，inoneofthemostfascinatinganddisturbingexperimentsinbehaviouralpsychology为状语；inwhichthesubjectsnightfeelapersonaldistastefortheactionstheywerecalledupontoperform为定语从句，做asituation的定语，关系词为which，其中theywerecalledupontoperform也为定语从句，做theactions的定语，关系词在该定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉。
　　11。Milgramtoldeachvolunteer‘teachersubjectthattheexperimentwasinthenoblecauseofeducation，andwasdesignedtotestwhetherornotpunishingpupilsfortheirmistakeswouldhaveapositiveeffectonthepupilsabilitytolearn。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为Milgramtoldeachvolunteer‘teachersubjectthat；thattheexperimentwasinthenoblecauseofeducation，andwasdesignedtotestwhetherornotpunishingpupilsfortheirmistakeswouldhaveapositiveeffectonthepupilsabilitytolearn。为宾语从句，做动词told的宾语；whetherornotpunishingpupilsfortheirmistakeswouldhaveapositiveeffectonthepupilsabilitytolearn为whether引导的宾语从句，做test的宾语。
　　12。Theteachersubjectwastoldthatwheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion，ashockwastobeadministered，beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseveritywitheachsuccessivewronganswer。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为Theteachersubjectwastoldthat；thatwheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion，ashockwastobeadministered，beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseverity
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　　witheachsuccessivewronganswer为that引导的宾语从句，做tell的宾语；在该宾语从句中ashockwastobeadministered为主句，而wheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion为whenever引导的时间装语从句，在该宾语从句中做时间状语，beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseveritywitheachsuccessivewronganswer为现在分词短语做状语，在该宾语从句中做伴随状语。
　　13。Milgramtoldtheteachersubjecttoignorethereactionsofthepupil，andtoadministerwhateverlevelofshockwascalledfor，aspertherulegoverningtheexperimentalsituationofthemoment。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为Milgramtoldtheteachersubjecttoignorethereactionsofthepupil，andtoadministerwhateverlevelofshockwascalledfor；其中whateverlevelofshockwascalledfor为whatever引导的宾语从句，做administer的宾语；asper为介词短语，意为依据，根据；governingtheexperimentalsituationofthemoment为现在分词短语作定语，做therule的定语。
　　14。Astheexperimentunfolded，thepupilwoulddefinitelygivethewronganswerstoquestionsposedbytheteacher，therebybringingonvariouselectricalpunishments，evenuptothedangerlevelof300voltsandbeyond。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句主句thepupilwoulddefinitelygivethewronganswerstoquestions；Astheexperimentunfolded为As引导的时间状语从句，做该主句的时间状语；posedbytheteacher为过去分词短语作定语，做questions的定语；bringingonvariouselectricalpunishments，evenuptothedangerlevelof300voltsandbeyond为现在分词短语作状语，做主句的伴随状语。
　　15。Inthesesituations，Milgramcalmlyexplainedthattheteachersubjectwastoignorethepupilscriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为Milgramcalmlyexplainedthat；thattheteachersubjectwastoignorethepupilscriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment为that引导的宾语从句，做explain的宾语；在该宾语从句中toignorethepupilscriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment为不定式做表语。
　　16Ifthesubjectwasstillreluctanttoproceed，Milgramsaidthatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend。（剑5，Test1passage2）
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　　分析：本句的主句为Milgramsaidthat；Ifthesubjectwasstillreluctanttoproceed为If引导的条件状语从句；thatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend。为that引导的宾语从句，做said的宾语；在该宾语从句thatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend。中，it为形式主语，thattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend为that引导的主语从句，是该宾语从句真正的主语。
　　17。WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscoverwasthenumberofteachersubjectswhowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestlevelsofshock，eveninthefaceofstrongpersonalandmoralrevulsionagainsttherulesandconditionsoftheexperiment。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscoverwasthenumberofteachersubjects；WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscover为What引导的主语从句；whowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestlevelsofshock，eveninthefaceofstrongpersonalandmoralrevulsionagainsttherulesandconditionsoftheexperiment。为定语从句，做teachersubjects的定语，关系词为who。
　　18。Priortocarryingouttheexperiment，Milgramexplainedhisideatoagroupof39psychiatristsandaskedthemtopredicttheaveragepercentageofpeopleinanordinarypopulationwhowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestshocklevelof450volts。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为Milgramexplainedhisideatoagroupof39psychiatristsandaskedthemtopredicttheaveragepercentageofpeopleinanordinarypopulation。；Priortocarryingouttheexperiment为时间状语，priorto相当于before；whowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestshocklevelof450volts。为定语从句，做anordinarypopulation的定语，关系词为who。
　　19。Theoverwhelmingconsensuswasthatvirtuallyalltheteachersubjectswouldrefusetoobeytheexperimenter。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句主句为Theoverwhelmingconsensuswasthat；thatvirtuallyalltheteachersubjectswouldrefusetoobeytheexperimenter为表语从句，做was的表语。
　　20。Thepsychiatristsfeltthat‘mostsubjectswouldgobeyond150voltsandtheyfurtheranticipatedthatonlyfourpercentwouldgoupto300volts。（剑5，Test1passage2）
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